Ignatieff, Michael, 78

immigrant multiculturalismSee also multiculturalism, 72, 75–76, 82

in Australia, 46

in Austria, 76

in Britain, 76

in Canada, 76

in France, 47–48

in Germany, 68

in Greece, 76

in New Zealand, 76

in Sweden, 46

in Switzerland, 76

in the Netherlands, 76

in the United States, 76, 105

immigrants. See also minorities

Gastarbeiter, 68

guestworkers, 68

higher propensity for entrepreneurship, 44

in Austria, 69, 76

in Germany, 47, 68–69, 71, 76

in Italy, 68, 74

in Switzerland, 69, 76, 121

irregular immigrants, 68–69

self-employment, 43–44, 48

temporary immigrants, 68

immigration

measurement of, on country level, 102, 107

understanding of, xxvi, 47

immigration diversity scale

composition of, 195

country scores, 195–196

creation of, 127

inclusive citizenship laws, 67–68, 82, 107

independent variables

diversity (Div), 88, 129

independent variables (Continued)

identification of, 5, 87

immigration diversity (Imm), 127, 129, 132–133, 136, 139–140, 142, 206

list of, 109, 120–121

measurement of, 6

indigenous diversity. See indigenous minorities

indigenous minoritiesSee also old ethnic minorities, xxvi, 85

innovationSee also three-fold understanding of innovation, xix, 2–6, 7n2, 12, 20, 25–29, 36–39, 49–53, 58, 61–62, 64, 66, 71, 80, 82–86, 88, 91n4, 107–108, 146n3, 149n29, 160–162, 164

innovation factor analysis

conduct of, 115–199

discussion of results, 127–129

Innovation Scale, 115, 118–119

innovation variable

measurement on country level, 94–102

regression results, 137–145, 153–155, 157, 158n1

innovation strategy and diversity

in firms, 64

Innovation-Focused Strategy Measure

composition of, 203

country scores, 204

creation of, 127

regression results, 134, 137, 142, 144–145, 155

institutions

and the relationship between ethnic diversity and economic performance, 22