List of Figures

xiii

List of Tables

xvii

Acknowledgments

xxiii

Abbreviations

xxvii

Chapter 1: Introduction

1

1.1. Research Problem

1

1.2. Research Questions and Objectives

5

1.3. Justification of the Study

8

1.4. Water Situation in Africa

10

1.5. Anticipated Outcomes

13

1.6. Organization of Chapters

14

Chapter 2: Background Information

17

2.1. Introduction

17

2.2. Water Resources in Tanzania

19

2.2.1. Surface Water

19

2.2.2. Underground Water

20

2.3. History of Water Development in Tanzania

24

2.4. National Policies and Water Management

25

2.4.1. National Water Policy

26

2.4.2. National Land Policy

27

2.4.3. National Agriculture and Livestock Policy

28

2.4.4. Decentralization

29

2.5. Property Rights and Water Management

30

2.5.1. Land Rights in Tanzania

31

2.5.2. Water Rights in Tanzania

32