Sukumaland,, 48, 105, 111, 127, 129, 138, 203–205, 207, 278, 285–286, 305, 323, 328

Sungusungu,, 78–79, 81, 128–134, 137, 140, 142, 174, 188, 190, 225–226, 233–236, 240–241, 245, 287, 299, 302, 308, 317

superstition, 3

support association, 92, 183, 187, 189

supreme being, 99

surface irrigation, 156

surface water, 19–21, 34, 36

sustainable

development, 258

resource allocation, 194

rural water management, 15, 239

water, 13, 27, 60, 66, 68, 232

swamps, 32, 45–46

taboos, 3, 6, 61

Tanzania, 5, 7, 11–15, 17–43, 45–50, 59, 70, 72, 97, 107–109, 111, 117, 129, 138, 145, 152, 170, 177, 184, 186, 193–194, 196–199, 203–204, 221, 223–224, 227–229, 232, 237–238, 243, 246–247, 249, 251, 254, 256, 258–260, 262–263, 265, 267, 269–278, 282, 284, 286–297, 299–303, 305–306, 308, 310–318, 320–327

technical expertise, 250

tenure insecurity, 207

theory, 56, 58, 60–61, 63–64, 98, 119, 184, 244

thorn tree, 104

toilet, 85–86, 94, 181–182, 186–188, 255

top-down approach, 29

topography, 20

traditional

festivals, 82

livelihood strategies, 90, 93

medicines, 125–126, 130–131

mutual-help system, 125

power structures, 196

village elders, 105

tragedy of the commons, 15, 55–59, 65, 90, 254

transboundary, 233

tropical coastal plains, 43

underdevelopment, 11

underground water, 20

unwritten laws, 3

upstream, 9, 157, 165, 167, 233–234

upstream-downstream conflicts, 9

urbanization, 1

use rights, 31

vicious cycle of poverty, 2

village

assembly, 30, 32, 134, 200

chairmen, 81, 114

councils, 41, 79

elders, 77–78, 80, 105–106, 113–114, 127, 147, 173, 184, 234–235, 237, 239

executive officer, (VEO) 71, 78, 81–82, 132–133, 155, 168, 170, 178, 188, 241

land, 32, 200

Land Act, 32, 200, 273, 291, 325, 327

water committee, 108

villagers, 108–109, 116–118, 128, 137, 178, 185, 220, 248