Countermeasures, the International Legal System, and Environmental Violations: When Two Wrongs Make A Right for the Environment
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Chapter 12: Final Remarks on the Concept of Countermeasures

213

Part III: Countermeasures and Environmental Threats: Case Studies

219

Chapter 13: Introduction

221

Chapter 14: Case Studies: Fisheries

225

(a) Introduction

225

(b) The Applicable Law on High Seas Fisheries

226

(i) UNCLOS

226

(ii) The Fish Stocks Agreement

227

(c) Norway/Iceland Loophole Dispute: The Már Case

229

(i) Summary

229

(ii) Facts and Analysis

230

(iii) Additional Analysis Related tothe Elements of Countermeasures

238

(d) Canada/EC Halibut Dispute: The Estai Case

240

(i) Summary

240

(ii) Facts and Analysis

241

(iii) Additional Analysis Related tothe Elements of Countermeasures

246

Chapter 15: Case Studies: Trade-Related Countermeasures

263

(a) Introduction

263

(b) The World Trade Organization and Dispute Settlements

265

(i) General Overview

265

(ii) Jurisdiction

271

(iii) Applicable Law

274