Countermeasures, the International Legal System, and Environmental Violations: When Two Wrongs Make A Right for the Environment
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provisional measures, 39–40, 196–206

public policy, 234–237, 240, 256n90

Pufendorf, Samuel Freiherr von, 17, 24, 26, 28

reciprocity. See unilateral measures

reconciliation, 33, 157

regional or subregional organizations, 228–229

reparation, 3–4, 8, 17, 24, 68, 88, 117–118, 121, 136, 138–139, 146n98, 150–153, 162n12, 168–169, 174, 177–178, 214, 248, 313

reprisal. See unilateral measures

res judicata,, 319

Restatement of the Law,, 78–79, 180, 190

restitution, 122

retorsion. See unilateral measures

riparian rights, 101, 175–176, 249

Riphagen, Willem, 72

River Oder Case,, 101, 249

Russia, 169, 230–231, 239–240

S.S. Lotus Case,, 16, 22

sea turtles, 298–302, 306–307, 309, 311–312, 337

Section 609, 299, 302, 304, 306–308

security

collective security, 145n75

environmental security, 55, 340–342

international security, 16, 34, 53–54, 132, 134, 156, 194, 340

national security, 17, 34, 130, 137, 340–342

public security, 234, 237

Security Council, 7, 16, 22, 35, 39–40, 49n81, 51, 53–55, 63n2, 63n3, 97, 108, 209n64

self-defence, 16–17, 26, 55, 128, 132–134

against environmental threats, 55

collective, 132–134, 145n75

precluding an act from wrongfulness, 80

preemptive, 128

self-help, 5, 17, 73, 78, 113

self-preservation, 5, 27, 111, 174

Shrimp/Turtle I,, 222, 264, 297–305, 307–313

Shrimp/Turtle II,, 222, 264, 284, 305–313

Slovakia, 59, 99–101, 154, 159–160, 191, 248–249

Solana, Javier, 243, 245

sommation, 150–152, 154–155, 162n4

Southern Bluefin Tuna Cases,, 206

sovereignty

absolute sovereignty, 27–28, 33, 42

concept, 7, 15–16, 21–34, 39, 41–43, 44n6, 47n56, 74, 107–108, 189, 216, 227, 245, 311, 316

demisovereignty, 25

domestic sovereignty, 24, 29, 31

interdependence sovereignty, 29

international legal sovereignty, 29