The European Union and the Modernization of the Turkish Education System
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4.5.2. EU Response to Education-Oriented Imperatives

52

4.6. Examining EU Education Policy

53

4.7. Implemented Council of Europe Programs: History Education Projects, Seminars, and Conferences

55

4.7.1. The Joint Program for the North Caucasus

55

4.7.2. Joint Program for the South Caucasus

56

4.7.3. Moldova Teaching History Reform

56

4.7.4. Ukraine: Joint Programs

57

4.7.5. Russian Federation Seminars

57

4.7.6. Tbilisi Initiative

58

4.7.7. Black Sea Initiative

58

4.7.8. Southeastern Europe Stability Pact

59

4.7.9. Matra (Former Yugoslavia) Initiative

60

4.8. NGO Projects and Initiatives

61

4.9. Council of Europe and EUROCLIO Projects

65

4.10. EU Initiatives for Standards of Competency

75

4.10.1. Socrates Program

75

4.10.2. Leonardo da Vinci Program

76

4.10.3. Youth for Europe Program

77

4.10.4. Third-World Programs

77

4.11. The Status of History/Social Studies Education

78

4.11.1. EU Standards for History Education

79

4.11.2. Established EU Social Studies Standards

80

4.11.3. Turkish Initiatives for Compliance With EU Standards

84

4.12. Chapter Summary

85

Chapter 5: Methodology

87

5.1. The Purpose, Research Questions,and Case Study Design

87

5.1.1. Research Questions

88

5.1.2. Phases of Data Collectionand Analysis Strategies

89