The European Union and the Modernization of the Turkish Education System
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Chapter 3: Background

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3.1. The Sociology of Knowledge

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3.2. Pedagogy and Social Constructivism

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3.2.1. Constructivism

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3.2.2. Social Constructivism

24

3.2.3. Social Reconstructivism

25

3.3. Relationship Between Education and Social Change

25

3.3.1. Applied Social Reconstructuralism

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3.4. Modernization Theorists

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3.5. Modernization Theory and Turkey

28

3.6. Theoretical Application

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3.7. Theoretical Application to Turkey

31

3.8. Turkish Social/Historical Pedagogical Issues

31

3.9. Assessment of Turkish History Pedagogy and Materials

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3.10. EU and Education: Issues From a Larger Perspective

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3.11. Milton J. Bennett: Model for Intercultural Sensitivity

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3.11.1. Ethnocentric Stages

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3.11.2. Ethno-Relative Stages

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3.12. Chapter Summary

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Chapter 4: The European Union: Conflicting Imperatives, Establishing Commonalty

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4.1. The United Europe

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4.2. Europe and Diversity

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4.2.1. European Community Origins and Challenges

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4.2.2. Initial Efforts Toward Cooperation

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4.2.3. The Challenges for a United Europe

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4.3. Interculturalism and Intercultural Learning

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4.4. The Educational Key

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4.5. Bennett’s Model and the European Community

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4.5.1. Practical Imperatives for European Unity

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