European Institutions, 16, 46, 49–50, 78

Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), 16

Council of Europe, 16

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), 16

European Coal and Steel Community (or ECSC), 48

European Economic Community (EEC), 16

European Council, 19, 77, 105–106

European Union (EU) See also European Community, 1–3, 5–8, 14–15, 19, 26, 37–38, 45, 47–48, 51–52, 74–75, 80, 85, 88, 90, 106, 119, 124, 126, 161–163

European Standing Conference of History Teachers’ Associations (EUROCLIO), 53, 72–73

European education, 37, 52, 55, 77

EU Education Programs See also joint programs, The Joint Program for the North Caucasus, Tbilisi Initiative, Russian Federation Seminars, Black Sea Initiative, Matra (Former Yugoslavia) Initiative, Leonardo da Vinci Program, Youth for Europe Program, Third-World programs, 53

European Union Education Research and Development Committee, 8

EU Turkish National Agency, 92

Facism, 108

Finnish, 128, 148

Finnish education, 148

France, 46, 48, 59, 69, 131

Gazi University, 93

Great Depression, 27

George S. Counts, 27

Georg Eckert Institute, 67, 70

Georgia, 56, 58, 74

Greek, 17, 59, 111

globe, 145

globalize, 118

globalization, 3–5, 13, 37, 97, 104, 115, 118–119, 123, 134, 168

cultural globalization, 4

harmonization, 84, 94, 97, 111–112, 121

harmonizing, 112–113

Hacettepe University, 93, 95

Hasanoglan, 108

Hatay, 131

history, 2–6, 11–15, 20–21, 25, 28–38, 41, 45–47, 49–51, 53–74, 78–84, 86, 88–95, 98, 103–104, 106, 108, 111–115, 117–118, 120, 123, 125, 127, 129, 133–134, 137, 142, 147–148, 154, 159, 162–164, 166–169

history education, 2, 14–15, 50, 53–55, 58, 64–66, 68, 70–71, 73–74, 79–81, 86, 88, 98, 106, 111, 115, 120, 127, 129

holocaust education, 55, 82

human rights, 14, 17–19, 48–50, 78, 82, 86, 104–105, 109, 111, 114, 119, 125, 151, 162–164

identity, 2–4, 10–12, 15, 29–32, 37, 40–41, 46, 48, 51–54