List of Figure and Tables

xiii

Preface

xv

Acknowledgments

xvii

Chapter 1: Research Overview

1

1.1. Introduction

1

1.2. Research Rationale

2

1.2.1. Research Problem and Purpose

4

1.2.2. Research Considerations and Issues

5

1.3. Research Construct

5

Chapter 2: Historical Framework

7

2.1. Overview and Rationale

7

2.2. Turkish Commitment to EU Membership

8

2.3. Historical Framework of Turkish Education

8

2.3.1. Kemalism, Post-Kemalism, and Education

10

2.3.2. Selective History and Linguistics: Reorientation

12

2.3.3. Education’s Role in Early Turkish Democratic Initiatives

13

2.3.4. Relevance to Research

13

2.4. Historical Framework: Turkish and European Union Relations

14

2.4.1. Europe: Turkish Admiration and Scorn

14

2.4.2. The Situation in the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s

16

2.4.3. The Situation in the 1980s

17

2.4.4. The Situation in the 1990s

18

2.4.5. The Current Situation in Turkey: EU Relations

19

2.5. Decades of Contention

20