baby bus (auto calesa or AC)See also auto calesas, 225–226

bakya (wooden clogs),, 240

Bantam Reconnaissance Command (BRC 40) and the bantamsSee also jeeps, 177–185

Basalla, George, 8–12, 18, 28, 30, 33–34, 38–39, 54, 234, 252

Bell, James Franklin, 214

Belly Flopper, 175, 177, 186

Berger, Michael, 30–31, 55, 251

Bijker, Wiebe E., 12–14, 16, 33, 40

black box concepts, 16–18, 39, 251

blitz buggies, 185

Borg, Kevin, 75

British Cavalry, 158, 160

British Roads Act of 1921, 176

calesas. See also auto calesas

auto calesas replicating, 227–229

chromes and emblems patterned after, xx, 234–235, 240, 242, 252

comparisons between jeepneys and, 237–239

decline of, 241

definition of, 214, 216, 221

jeepney originated from, 214, 226, 231, 234–236

Cardenas, Julio, 161

caretellas, 220

Carriage Builder’s National Association, 84

cars. See entries beginning with “automobiles”

cavalries. See British Cavalry; Philippine Cavalry; U.S. Cavalry

cavalry cars. See jeeps

census, surveys, and statistics

of accidents. See accidents

of average income, 56

of chauffeur salary, 75

of jeepneys, 232

of number of automobiles and factories, 54

of number and value of horses and carriages, 81–82

Chaffee, Adna, 164

chauffeurs, 74–77, 86, 103, 144n188

children, 71–72, 101–103, 220

class distinctions, 126–127

closed carsSee also automobiles, commercial, 26

closure and stabilization (SCOT), 11, 15

clothing, early automobile, 60–63, 128

clubs and associations, 84, 100, 126

coachlike images, automobile, 109–113, 134–135

coachmen, 75, 77, 231–232

cochero, 232, 234

Cockburn, Cynthia, 23–24

Collins, Harry, 36–37, 40, 104, 164

comparisons. See similarities

Cowan, Ruth Schwartz, 24–25, 30, 50

cowboy riding an automobile like a horse, 131–132

Cowles, Virginia, 151

Crosby, Herbert B., 164

cross-country mobility. See mobility

cultural lag, 32, 34

danger. See also accidents

to drivers, 59–60, 71, 80

to passengers, 68–71

to passersby and pedestrians, 72, 76