national, 210, 215–218, 221–222, 235–237, 240–241, 246–250

Nationalbewegung,, 239–240

nationalization, 235, 250

Nationalität,, 54, 238, 253

Nestor chronicles, 65

Neue allgemeine deutsche Bibliothek,, 166, 189, 279, 282, 287, 295–297

Neue Teutsche Merkur,, 188–189, 211

Ostseeprovinzialblatt,, 229

Patriotismus,, 82, 143

peasantry.

Petri, Johann Christoph, 75, 192–194, 282

Pietismus ( pietism),, 38–40, 43, 61, 267

Poland, 9, 27–28, 32, 49, 60, 134, 181, 263

Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, 135, 275

public opinion, 82, 116–117, 170, 187

Pugachev rebellion, the, 97

Raynal, Guillaume Thomas François, 89, 118, 171, 174, 280

Riga, 7–8, 15–16, 23, 27, 35, 37, 47–49, 52, 72, 77, 96, 135, 190, 233, 240, 248, 263–264

Aufklärung,, 61–62, 75

bishops, 258

Castle, 17

Domschule,, 62, 156, 164, 169

Friebe, 146

Hartknoch, 110, 113, 205, 245

Herder, 82, 92, 147, 215, 218

Riga

Hupel, 113–114

Lesegesellschaften,, 78

Maskov, 93–94

Merkel, 81, 168–170

newspapers, 73

Prophetenklub,, 170

publishing, books, and prices, 80, 84, 204–205

Snell, 155–156, 164

Roman law, 53

Rosensche Deklaration, 56, 130, 138

Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 169, 171, 180

Russian Empire, 47, 49, 53, 55–56, 64, 72, 74, 77, 92, 96–98, 103, 132, 156–158, 163–164, 166, 184, 191, 198

Schlözer, August Ludwig, 36, 65–67, 71, 122, 146, 220, 235, 246, 260, 265, 273

Schoultz-Ascheradensche Bauernrecht,, 98

Schoultz, Carl Friedrich, 11, 98, 138–139

Schwertritterorden,, 22

serfdom, 2–6, 9–10, 12, 19, 26, 29, 32, 41, 46, 48, 51–52, 56, 63–64, 67–68, 77, 81, 83, 87, 93, 95–96, 99–101, 103, 110–113, 116–119, 122, 123–124, 131, 134–135, 137–138, 144, 147–148, 150, 152, 165–166, 173, 176, 179–180, 184, 187–188, 191, 197–198, 204–205, 207–208, 213, 230, 241, 244–245, 251

abolition, 60, 71, 91–92, 143, 149, 151, 153–155, 157, 185