Ai, Duke, 199, 240

Ai, Emperor (Liu Xin), xvii, 22, 29, 42, 53, 80–82, 94–107, 109–110, 118, 134, 136, 159, 162–163, 175, 177, 187, 219, 232–233, 235–236, 239–240, 252, 255, 258, 260

ascension to throne, 80

Ai Zhang, 110, 135, 240

Analects of Confucius (Lunyu),, 13–14, 211, 214, 227, 231, 248, 251, 262, 276

ancestors, 5, 64–65, 68, 90, 117, 132, 137, 144, 148, 157, 225

Anhui, 236, 257

Annals of Emperor Guangwu (Shizu benji),, 39, 125–126, 244

anxieties, xiv–xv, xviii, 2, 79, 86, 89

of court, 4–5, 89, 94

astrologer. See grand astrologer

auspicious portents. See omens

author, xi, xvi, 5, 18, 20, 29, 44, 46, 49, 65, 129, 169, 181, 211, 260

as compiler, xvii, 18, 30, 55

as critical scholar, 6, 8, 18–19, 33, 35, 141

as individual, xiv, 2, 46, 91, 182

mind of, xiv–xv, 17, 46

authority, 8, 99, 109, 151, 156, 175, 250

legitimacy of, xv, 153, 156, 178

authorship, 2, 5, 18–21, 27, 43, 49, 52–54, 66–67, 125, 129, 222

authorship (continued)

and concept of self, 62

and editing, 18–19, 207

and ideologies, 2, 5, 66

and quoting, 14, 19, 65, 219

notions of, 18

autobiography, xv, xix, 61–62, 119, 224–225

Ba Shang, 174

Baling, 102, 236

Ban Biao, 3, 10–13, 20–22, 24, 30–31, 37, 43–46, 51–56, 65–67, 82–86, 95–96, 117–118, 120–121, 123, 132, 134–136, 141, 143–144, 146, 150, 154, 157–58, 163, 165, 168–172, 174–176, 178, 183, 198–201, 210, 213, 220–222, 242, 257–258

as author of History of the Han,, 43–46

as chen (minister),, 44

as Fan Shupi, 44–45, 220

death of, 20–23, 43, 51, 119, 123, 132, 220, 242

works by

“Essay on the Kingly Mandate,”, 20, 43, 67, 84, 118, 141, 157, 169, 178, 249

Later Biographies,, 21–22, 53, 66

See also “General Remarks on Historiography,” “Essay on the Kingly Mandate”