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Figure 2.3. A House of Representatives draft of the Fourteenth Amendment as displayed in the National Archives. |
Figure 2.4. Hiram Revels, the first African American elected to the United States Senate in 1870. |
Figure 2.5. The Ku Klux Klan. |
Figure 3.1. The Colfax Massacre. |
Figure 3.2. Justice Stephen Field. |
Figure 3.3. Justice John Harlan. |
Figure 4.1. “Jim Crow” as depicted in a performance in blackface by a white minstrel artist. |
Figure 4.2. A racially segregated bus station in Durham, North Carolina, 1940. |
Figure 4.3. A postcard showing the burned, lynched body of Jesse Washington, Waco, Texas, 1916. |
Figure 4.4. The California gold rush attracted significant numbers of Chinese to the United States in the 1840s. |
Figure 4.5. Persons of Mexican descent were characterized as “white” pursuant to federal treaty. |