1947 uprising, 42, 61, 63, 235

Ambaniandro,, 198, 201, 203–204, 211n58, 249

Ambohibao, 5, 33, 37, 87, 89, 91–95, 101, 104, 106n4, 107n16, 107n18, 247n10, 262

American Lutheranism, 32, 50, 71n8, 147

ancestors, 6, 26n19, 85–86, 104, 128, 137, 146, 149n4, 151n40, 164–165, 234, 242, 251, 253–254, 263

Ankaramalazaplate 6plate 7plate 12plates 13–14plate 15plate 16, xviii, 4, 22, 27–45, 58, 61, 64–65, 68, 71n7, 74n36, 76n52, 81, 82, 106n11, 107n15, 132nn3–4, 132nn9–10, 146, 155, 146, 147, 158, 159, 163, 172, 178, 179n1, 181n33, 182n60, 186, 207n5, 233, 254, 257, 260, 262–263, 265, 267

Ankeranaplates, 144, 152n44, 229, 19–20, 246n3

Andriampoinimerina or Andrianampoinimerina or Andrianapoinimerina,, 142, 197

Asa sy fampaherezana. See work and strengthening

authority, 3–4, 14, 31, 48–51, 55, 58–70, 71n6, 73n19, 102, 119, 135–138, 141, 145–147, 152n44, 165, 173, 185, 197

authority (continued), 198, 215–216, 218, 220, 223, 234–236, 240, 242–243

Bara, 59, 74n31, 137–138, 181n31, 187, 194–195, 201, 204, 208n17, 209n30, 210n47, 249–250, 256

Betsileo, 14–15, 17, 20, 25n5, 25n7, 73n21, 106n7, 162, 165, 170, 185–186, 194–195, 204, 207n7, 233, 254, 263–264

Betsimisaraka, 187, 253

Birkeli, Fridtjof, 58, 72n11, 72n13, 72nn15–16, 73n22, 73nn26–27, 255

Borchgrevink, Christian, 72n15, 160, 179n4, 256

cattle sacrifice, 19, 26, 187, 251, 253

clothing, 12–13, 18–20, 26, 35, 163, 171, 250–251

contextualization, 62, 70, 74, 187

colonial period, 1, 25n12, 63, 67, 135, 142–144, 150, 169, 175, 177

colonization, 15, 42, 51, 56, 63, 72–73, 103, 142, 185, 246n4, 264

culture

Malagasy, 16, 84, 90, 138–140, 145–146, 168, 204–205, 210n52, 233–234, 242

Western, 12, 64, 94, 214, 239

oral, 175, 187, 191, 208–209n22, 224

high context, low context, 162, 195