List of Plates

xiii

Acknowledgments

xv

List of Abbreviations

xvii

Introduction by Cynthia Holder Rich

1

Chapter 1: The Contribution of Rainisoalambo to the Indigenization of the Protestant Churches in Madagascar by Rafanomezantsoa Roger

11

Protestant Missionary Approaches to Malagasy Traditional Religion

12

The Indigenization Brought About by Rainisoalambo

13

Rainisoalambo: His Life and Times

13

Worship

16

Community Life

18

Conclusion: Rainisoalambo’s Legacy

21

Liturgical Reform and Renewal

21

Lay Leadership Calling and Development: The Role of the Mpiandry

23

Chapter 2: The Prophet Nenilava and the Development of the Ankaramalaza Revival Movement by Andrianasolo Jaona and Randrianmanantena Yvonne translated by Mark H. Rich from the original French

27

Introduction

28

Call to Ministry

29