restrictions of, xiii, 1, 3, 8, 12–14, 28, 42–43n9, 43n10, 69–70, 72n7, 101–104, 106, 116, 127n27, 151, 164, 175, 227, 229, 231–234

Chinese Indonesian gangs, 63

‘DRex’ gang, 157–158

‘Flying Tiger’ gang, 68, 152, 155–157

Chinese Indonesiansculture. SeeChinese culturedefinition, 235

economic status, 34, 155

education, 26, 62–64, 79, 81, 100–101, 116, 118, 128n36, 182, 188, 190, 198–199, 201, 229

family, 11, 19–21, 38, 53, 68–69, 74, 76–78, 80, 82, 91, 94–95, 100, 109, 111–113, 115, 129–130n42, 135, 140–151, 162, 166, 171, 175, 177–178, 182, 211, 223, 225, 235

heterogeneity, 74, 76, 82, 182–183

identity, 34–35, 95, 190, 192, 202

population, xv, 13–14n2, 20, 28, 84, 101, 115, 151

regional backgrounds, 73–74, 148–151

religion, 20, 81, 91–96, 142–148

Chinese organizations, 21, 27, 185, 197–198, 201–202

Hakka Association, 186

Hokchia/Fuqing Association, 60, 71n4, 186

Fuqing World Association, 130n43

INTI (Perhimpunan Indonesia Keturunan Tionghoa), xvi, 60, 71n4, 186, 198, 201

PSMTI (Paguyuban Sosial Marga Tionghoa Indonesia), xvi

Teochew Association, 201

Christianity, 20, 84, 87, 93

Christian(s), 83, 87–88, 93, 124n11, 158

Chow, Yun Fatt, 4, 137, 152, 154–155, 173n9, 180

Ciputra, 169

cio tio, 143, 145

Coleman, R. R. Means, 58, 62, 235

collective memory, xxi, 57

definition, 236

and media, 5–7, 150, 158, 160–161, 176, 182, 186

Collins, Patricia H., 49

Communism, 13, 26, 50, 98, 104–105, 128n34, 178, 191

Communist(s), xiii, 13n1, 26–27, 42n4, 96, 100, 105–107

Communist coup attempt(1965), 96

Communist ideology, 106–107

Communist Party in China, 106