The Challenge of Change in Africa's Higher Education in the 21st ...

Bachelor of Arts in Business (BAB) degree, which requires a foreign language, or Bachelor of Science in Business (BSB) degree, which does not require any foreign language, as would be the case in most universities in Africa:

Goal 1: Fundamental knowledge—the ability to demonstrate a fundamental knowledge of the core business disciplines, such as accounting, finance, management, and marketing

Goal 2: Problem-solving and decision-making—the need to demonstrate effective problem-solving and decision-making skills in business situations

Goal 3: Information technology—students' capacity to apply information technology tools appropriately in the analysis of business problems

Goal 4: Ethical issues—students' ability to analyze ethical issues in business

Goal 5: Global and multicultural dimensions—students' capacity to demonstrate knowledge of the global and multicultural dimensions of the modern business environment

Goal 6: Oral and written communication—graduates' ability to communicate effectively in oral and written formats

Goal 7: Foreign language (for those universities with a foreign language requirement)—the ability of students to understand, speak, read, and write a second language such as Spanish, French, Chinese, German, or Swahili

Once the AoL goals such as those outlined in the previous section are set and implemented in course syllabi and individual programs, the big question becomes “At what point are students deemed to have achieved these learning expectations and priorities?” Figure 1.3 is an attempt to address this important question. Its central focus is the idea that student learning can and must be assessed in order to appreciate how well, or