industry-specific/specialized/physical and communications, 6–7, 33–34, 37, 40–41, 43, 52, 56, 58, 68, 80, 161–162, 165, 169–170, 172, 175, 178–179, 181, 184, 190, 192, 194, 197

in Kerala, 143–144, 151, 154–155

in Tamil Nadu, 91, 93, 95–96, 99, 104–106

innovation-based industries, 3, 8, 17–18, 28

innovation economics, 14, 20

intellectual property regime (IPR), 31

Intelligroup Asia Pvt. Ltd., 114, 120

international geography of innovations, 14, 20, 191

Ireland, 189, 196

iScribes India Pvt. Ltd., 142

Israel, 189, 196

IT Kerala, 42, 145, 148–149

IT outsourcing, 17, 21–22, 114, 122, 142, 166, 197

Johnson, C. A., 16

joint ventures. See firm

Kaplinsky, R., 21, 191

Karvy Global Services Ltd., 113

Keohane, R., 8

Kerala

access to finance and R&D, 155, 175

comparative structure of the industry at state and national levels, 139

expatriate community, 40, 45, 148, 150, 153, 156–157

first IT Policy 1998, 41, 144, 146, 155

industry/firm-level incentives, 47, 143–144, 146, 148, 152, 162, 164, 170, 172, 181, 184, 186, 197

industry-government relationship, 154, 171, 174

labor relations/reforms, 7, 25, 41, 144–145, 150, 153, 156–157, 158, 181, 184

leading firms, 139

linkages with global firms, 44–45, 149–150, 152–153, 156–157, 161–162, 166, 169, 171, 173, 178, 183, 197, 199–200

multinational firms, 139–142, 151, 154–155

policies for the software industry, 143–150

private engineering colleges, 41–42, 77, 149

second IT Policy 2001, 42, 144, 147

software exports. See export(s)

Kerala State IT Mission, 147, 149, 156

Kim, L., 19