sociocultural space, xvii, 20, 28, 47–48, 71, 253

Sombra Negra, 158

Southern California Rapid Transit District (SCRTD), 59–60, 62

small businesses, 4, 202

Smith, Michael Peter, 39

Transnational Urbanism, 39

space, xiv, xviii–xx, 12–13, 16–23, 27, 29, 31, 33–36, 38, 45, 47–49, 52, 57, 62, 67, 70, 72, 78, 81, 85, 89–93, 101–104, 107, 112–114, 116–117, 119–124, 128–129, 131–132, 135, 137, 145, 148–149, 154, 158, 161, 163, 167, 177, 181, 185, 187–188, 190, 193–194, 210, 217, 219, 224

hybrid formal/informal space, 112–114, 116–117, 119–120, 124, 256, 260

marginal space(s), xix–xxi, xxii, 6, 8, 17–20, 22, 31, 40, 48–49, 52, 102–103, 117, 137, 217, 220, 225, 228, 253

sociocultural space, xvii, 20, 28, 47–48, 71, 253

spatial network, 34

Starbucks, viii, xiii, 88, 104, 109–110, 121

Steakhouse, 259

Street Criminals, 156

street vending, xiv, 85, 102, 124–146, 191, 222, 259–260

challenges of vending, 132–133, 135–142

competition, 129, 135, 140–141, 142, 145

creating street vending district, xiv, 85, 132–133

dealing with rigid bureaucracies, 130, 138–139, 143

destroyed informality, 129, 142, 145

increased competition with the informal, 132–133, 135, 140–142

increased control through permits in area for city, 85, 132–133, 135, 143

increased health standards in cooking foods, 138–139

increased legitimacy of informal vendors, 130–133

increased regulation, 85, 135, 138–139

loss of spontaneity, 129, 140–142

mama's as micro-enterprise program, 130, 138–139, 143–145

not enough permits to meet demand, 135, 139–142

outcomes of street vending, 143, 145–146

outreach to street vendors, 130, 137, 143

the plan for street vending, 85, 127–128, 130, 143

police protected newly formalized vendors, 136–137

product not meeting market demand, 141–143

regulated vendors did not make enough profit, 142, 145

regulation and control, 85, 126, 135–137, 141–142

The Street Vendors Association, 126