African Environmental and Human Security in the 21st Century By ...

at CSIR. Although his speech was banned, it was immediately posted on the Internet by a nongovernmental organization and remains available to interested members of the public.² In his analysis for this volume, Dr. Turton explains his reasoning for predicting that if current water pollution trends are allowed to continue unchecked, South Africa is likely to experience more adverse environmental and adverse health effects, in addition to future mass political violence. Dr. Turton proposed his hypothesis in the hopes that researchers in the wider international community, after reviewing the available evidence, will agree that much more research in this area is needed.

Part 2, “Emerging Transcontinental Issues: Conceptualizations and Case Studies,” covers new ways to monitor human and environmental problems and how government and other organizations are attempting to manage these problems. Chapter 5 develops a framework based on concepts drawn from epidemiology and political risk assessments to understand the different types of costs and risks associated with neglecting spreading diseases, including the spread of Guinea worm disease in conflict areas throughout Sudan and cholera in the state of Zimbabwe. Dr. Chad Briggs and Dr. Jennifer Bath's framework looks promising as a method for monitoring the multidimensional or second- and third-order effects of systemic collapse in the community and wider area due to unchecked spread of diseases. Chapter 6 provides a multidimensional framework and methodology for assessing future risks and evaluating the ability of African governments to cope with environmental problems within six policy categories, using ten performance indicators designed to measure the environmental burden of disease, water, and air pollution, biodiversity and habitat, forestry, fisheries, agriculture, and climate change. The author, Assistant Professor John Ackerman of the National Security Studies at the Air Command and Staff College, compares standardized national performance indicator scores for Egypt, Nigeria, South Africa, and Kenya with those of economic and regional peer countries. These comparisons are offered as one approach for assessing the performance of national governments in different policy areas and making recommendations for future actions. The last chapter in this section is