first language influence, 33, 63, 245, 248

Fletcher, C. R., 245

Flowerdew, J., 44, 200

fluency, 22–27, 48, 60, 62, 67, 100, 108–109, 160, 171–172, 205–206, 237, 241, 248

foreground, 45, 172, 177, 198

foregrounding hierarchy hypothesis, 172, 177

form, 22, 25, 34, 239, 241–243

Forrest, L., 20

fossilisation, 242

Foster, P., 25, 66–67, 171, 239, 248

Fox, G., 10

Fuller, J.W., 33

functional-typological syntactic analysis, 32–33

garden path effect, 42

Garnham, A., 16

Garrod, S., 17

Gass, S., 22–23, 32, 35–36

Gatbonton, E., 24–25

gender, 63, 103

generalisability, 54, 56, 245

generic reference. See also reference, 43

genre, 29–30, 55

Gernsbacher, M. A., 10

Giles, H., 103

Giora, R., 10, 12–15, 17, 19, 48, 180, 182, 221

Givón, T., 10–11, 32–34, 164

global

coherence. See also coherence, 15, 20, 54, 72

errors. See also errors, 35

graded informativeness condition, 15, 221

Graesser, A. C., 20

grammar, 2, 19, 22–23, 32, 34–36, 57, 62, 69, 72, 75–78, 115, 154, 161, 164–165, 177, 189, 195, 209, 213, 219, 224, 234, 237–242

Green, C. F., 39–41

Green, G., 10–11, 182

Grice, H. P., 14, 17, 41, 221

Griffiths, R., 26

ground. See common ground

Gumperz, J., 42, 45

Gundel, J. K., 33

Gynan, S. N., 34–35

Halliday, M. A. K., 10, 18–20, 28–29, 55

Han, Z., 33

Hasan, R., 5, 10, 18–20, 28–29, 181

Hawkins, R., 26

Hearst, M., 29

Hedge, T., 24

Henriksen, B., 35–37, 49, 183, 234

Henry, A., 31

hesitation. See also disfluency, 24, 67–68, 71, 100, 102, 205–206

hierarchy

errors. See also error gravity, 34, 57

miscue, 59, 74, 83, 231n3

Hoey, M., 28–29, 168

Horn, L. R., 214

Hughes, R., 237–238

Hunt, A. K., 29

Hymes, D.H., 240

hypotaxis, 44, 164, 245

ICU, 74–76, 78, 84–87, 132–143, 154, 174, 176–177, 208–211, 233, 242