Table 2.1. Summary of manipulation studies.

39

Table 3.1. Summary of interviews used in study.

63

Table 3.2. Number of interviews selected for each band.

63

Table 3.3. Countries represented in data sample.

64

Table 3.4. ASU rating levels.

72

Table 3.5. Level 1 miscue categories.

74

Table 3.6. Hierarchical arrangement of level 1 miscues.

74

Table 3.7. Level 2 miscue categories.

86

Table 3.8. Thematic areas of focus turns.

95

Table 3.9. Thematic areas of background turns.

97

Table 3.10. Interrater agreement.

98

Table 3.11. Original and repaired versions of focus turns.

101

Table 3.12. Original and repaired versions for sample q15.

101

Table 3.13. Running order for experiment.

111