phonology. See also pronunciation, 75–78, 86, 104, 176–177, 202, 209, 213, 234

phrases

contextualising, 79, 197

extended, 88, 175, 178, 210, 214

lexical, 86, 88, 176–177, 209, 213–214

noun, 87, 194

verb, 40, 177, 214

planning. See discourse, planning

plateaus. See also watersheds, 59, 153–156, 161–163, 222–226, 236

Politzer, R. L., 34–35

possible worlds, 13, 18

poverty of expression, 4, 36, 50, 56, 243

Powesland, P. F., 103

practitioners. See also language, learning/teaching, 21, 55, 57, 70, 84, 176, 249

PRAG. See also pragmatic relevance, 74, 78–80, 84, 86, 89, 94, 100, 107, 132–144, 154, 166, 168, 174, 178, 185, 191, 198, 215–219, 233

pragmatic relevance, 4, 12, 14–15, 17–18, 20–21, 23, 27–28, 31, 48, 58, 64, 74–75, 78–80, 84, 86, 151, 161–162, 174–175, 179, 183, 191, 233, 247

Pratt, M. W., 29

presentations, 2, 4, 16, 55

problem-solution pattern, 29

procedural knowledge. See knowledge, procedural

processing, 10–11, 14–15, 17, 25–26, 29, 33, 46–47, 68, 72, 104, 155, 164, 171, 184, 245, 248

proficiency. See also language, proficiency, 5, 23, 26, 48–49, 54–55, 59, 61, 84, 91, 122, 124, 136, 138, 140–141, 151–162, 174–177, 227, 234–236, 241, 243, 248

prominence relations, 44, 245

pronominals, 42, 76, 78

pronouns, 29–30, 34, 43

pronunciation. See also phonology, 22–23, 35, 57, 62, 92, 115, 161, 176, 209, 241, 245, 247

propositional content, 3, 14, 18, 22, 40, 75–76, 78–82, 86–87, 89–90, 178, 188–189, 216–217, 222, 234, 242

prosody, 66, 247

pruning, 67–69, 71, 119, 125, 127

psycholinguistic reality, 92, 174–175, 184, 198

Pu, M. M., 20

qualitative, 7, 151, 157–158, 162, 182–183, 208, 222, 230, 236

quantitative, 26, 157, 230, 236

questions

experimental, 40, 114–116

future, 244–245

interview. See also turn, long, 61–62, 65–66, 105, 110–112, 163–164, 166

research, 5–6, 58–60, 91, 93–95, 101, 105–109, 146–149, 152–153, 163, 173, 185–186, 191–192, 199, 204, 234–237

raising awareness, 238, 242

Rajadurai, J., 22

ranking, 97–100

rating

ASU. See also index, ASU, 71–73, 84–85, 97, 154, 208