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| JTS | Jewish Theological Review |
| MGWJ | Monatsschrift für Geschichte und Wissenschaft des Judentums |
| NRSV | New Revised Standard Version |
| NTS | New Testament Studies |
| PG | Jean-Paul Migne, Patrologiae cursus completus. Series Graeca |
| PL | Jean-Paul Migne, Patrologiae cursus completus. Series Latina |
| RB | Révue Biblique |
| REJ | Revue des Etudes Juives |
| REQ | Revue d’études Qumran |
| VC | Vigiliae Christianae |
Rabbinical Sources
Abbreviations of Mishnaic and Rabbinic Literature
The following are the abbreviations and accepted spellings of the names of the tractates of the Mishnah, the Tosefta, and the Babylonian and Jerusalem Talmud. The abbreviations, as well as the tractates, are italicized (underlined). Differentiation between Mishnah and Babylonian Talmud is made by the manner of writing chapter and verse: Ber. 8:2 (Mishnah) and Sabb. 31a (Babylonian Talmud).
Use m, t, b, or y before the name of a tractate to distinguish same-named titles in the Mishnah, Tosefta, Babylonian Talmud, or Jerusalem Talmud (Yerushalmi).
| Abod. Zar | Aboda Zara |
| Abot | Abot |
| Arak | Arakin |
| B. Bat. | Baba Batra |
| B.K. | Babba Kamma |
| B.M. | Baba Mezia |