Bush, George W. (continued)

and Jack Kemp, 242

and John Kerry, 280, 284, 286–290, 292, 298nn61–62

and Alan Keyes, 245

and John McCain, 245–246, 288, 329

and Ralph Nader, 249

and Richard Nixon, 214

and Henry Paulson, 331

and Dan Quayle, 245

and Ronald Reagan, 214, 239, 242, 244–245, 247, 249

and Ann Richards, 242

and Theodore Roosevelt, 214

and Karl Rove, 243, 245, 289

Calhoun, John, 6, 11, 18, 31n9, 31n11, 81, 130, 135, 158n37, 260, 264, 266, 237, 413

Carter, Jimmy, 28, 80, 81, 87–88, 114n28, 180, 213, 219, 225–227, 229–230, 239, 251n3, 254n32, 386–392, 416

Cass, Lewis, 1, 8, 11–13, 31n11, 81–82, 88, 413

Catholic, 190, 246, 268

caucus, 4–5, 38, 64–65, 67, 70, 83, 86, 88, 100, 106n5, 113n23, 115, 118, 120, 131, 158n37, 164–165, 203n3, 217, 234, 236, 245, 262, 285, 293n4, 295n13, 297n56, 299, 304–305, 306–307, 309, 313, 315–316, 318–321, 324, 326–327, 341, 416–417

Cheney, Dick, 287–289, 417

civil rights, 26, 34n37, 68, 200, 229, 278, 325

Civil War, xiv, 66, 124, 164–165, 174, 291

class (society), 26, 34n37, 178, 182, 184, 186, 189–190, 197, 215, 238, 241, 415

Clay, Henry, 1, 3, 6, 7, 9, 12, 18, 22, 30n3, 31n10, 63, 84–85, 87–88, 106n1, 130, 132, 134–135, 139–141, 144, 159n52, 251n3, 260–269, 283, 291, 294n8, 294n10, 295nn11–24, 344, 347, 351n4, 412–413

and John Quincy Adams, 132, 135, 261

and John Berrien, 262

and John Calhoun, 266

and John Crittenden, 262, 265–266

and Thomas Ewing, 262

and Theodore Frelinghuysen, 268

and Horace Greeley, 265

and William Henry Harrison, 260, 269

and Sam Houston, 264

and Andrew Jackson, 132, 261, 263–264, 266

and Abraham Lincoln, 18, 139–140, 159n52

and James Polk, 3, 6–7, 139, 267–268

and Epes Sargent, 265

and John Sergeant, 262

and Thaddeus Stevens, 260

and Zachary Taylor, 159n52, 269

and John Tyler, 261–263, 266–269, 294n10, 295n13

and Abel Upshur, 266

and Martin Van Buren, 7, 9, 12, 261, 264–266