racism, xix, 6, 14, 36, 44, 49–50, 73, 148, 159–160, 213, 231, 252, 268, 303, 308, 310

racist attitude(s), 7, 49

Rappin Hood, 146

“Raven and the Lily, The,” 13–14

razas humanas, Las, 158

realismo mágico (magical realism), 227

rebambaramba, 131–132

Regla Arará, 91

Regla Conga, 91

Regla de Ocha, 91

Regla de Palo, 91

Reis, João José, 234, 247

Restrepo, Laura, 206–207, 312

returnee(s), xxiii–xxv, 102, 213, 228–233, 236–247, 254–263, 266, 268, 271, 280–285, 290–293

Revolt of the Malês, 235, 238, 251

Ribeiro, Francisco, 256

Ribeiro, Miguel A., 254–255, 260

Rio Branco Institute, 252

Rodrigues, Virginia, 239

Rojas González, Francisco, 66–73

Roldán, Amadeo, 132

Romero, Fernando, xix–xxii, 87

Saldaña, Excilia, 138

Salisbury, HMS, 246–247, 319

samba, 90, 140, 145–146

Sanfancón, 48

San Lorenzo de los Negros, 105

Santa Bárbara, 48

santería, 48, 91, 120, 123, 126, 131, 229, 282

Santo Domingo, 4–5, 175–179, 183, 196–197

Santo Domingo Commission, 175

Santos, Antonio Pereira dos, 244

Santos, Constância Talabi Pereira dos, 244

Santos-Febres, Mayra, 28–32, 38, 115–119

Sarracino, Rodolfo, 230–233

saya, 89–90

Schaumloeffel, Marco Aurélio, 240, 245, 247–248, 281–282, 289–290

Schorsch, Jonathan, 261–266

Scissors House, First, 240

semiotic, xxii, 24, 28, 113, 122, 161

Senegal, 253, 264–265

“Sensemaya,” 125

Sephardim, 168, 261–265, 269

Seven African Powers, 286

Shango, 258, 283–284

Shitta Bey Mosque, 240

Sierra Leone, xxiv, 99, 230, 236

Silva, President Luiz Inácio Lula da, 291–292, 303–304

skin color, xix, 22, 37, 42, 44, 51, 64, 132, 134, 143–144, 160, 183–184, 190, 198, 206, 208, 318

Slave Coast, 213, 239

slavery, xvii, xix, xxiii–xxiv, 3–4, 20, 47, 49–50, 73, 88–89, 93, 99, 102–103, 105, 117, 119, 124, 126, 134, 148, 204, 210–211, 218, 223–227, 231–238, 249, 251, 255, 257, 261–264, 270, 290, 292–293, 302–305, 312–314

social reality, xxvi, 2

Sociedad Secreta Abakuá, 91

Son Jarocho, 107

“Sou Negrão,” 146

South Africa, 272–277

South African Spectator, 273, 276–277