post–Gertz American law, 28, 44

Dun & Bradstreet v. Greenmoss Builders, 126–127

hodgepodge of rules, 132–133

Philadelphia Newspapers, Inc. v. Hepps, 127–128

Powell, Justice Lewis

in Gertz, 26, 119, 119, 124–126

presumptions

at common law

falsity, 5

Reynolds, 206

Schauer, Frederick, 217

under First Amendment, 21

Prince Radu of Hohenzollern v. Houston, 261

privacy

abortion, 281

actual malice, 283

anonymous bloggers, 282

appropriation, 282

birth control, 281

California, 282

four part test, 284

celebrities, 285

Naomi Campbell, 287

collision of laws in the making, 292, 298

concern to media, 279

disclosure tortdisclosure tort, 282, 282, 284–285

emerging British rights, 280

England, 287–290

damages and costs, 288–289

influenced by European jurisprudence, 290

Jude Law, 290

Michael Douglas and Catherine Zeta-Jones, 289

Mosley v. News group Newspapers, Ltd., 289–290

privacy (continued)

Naomi Campbell, 287–290

reasonable expectation of privacy, 288

European Convention on Human Rights, 280, 284

Article 8, 288

Articles 8 & 10 in conflict, 288, 291–292

European Court of Human Rights

Egeland and Hanseid v. Norway, 291

National Conciliator of Finland, 291–292

Von Hannover v. Germany, 290, 292

false light, 282–283

intrusion tort, 282, 284

Jameel, 281, 285

New Zealand, 279

newsworthiness, 284–287, 292, 298

potentially larger issue than defamation, 280

privacy tourism, 280, 292

private persons, 284

public figures, 130

diminished expectation of privacy, 284

reputation, 280

Restatement of Torts, 283

Reynolds, 280

sexual activity, 285

statutory, 280

threat to First Amendment, 279

truthful publication, 286

United States

Brandeis and Warren, 282

content regulation, 286

established legal doctrine, 280