Qingzhou prefectureSee also Hu Zongxian, 80

QuanzhouSee also anti-wokou campaign; wokou, 96–97

Quzhou prefectureSee also Eastern Zhejiang (Zhedong), 29

Republican China, 4, 38

ritual lawSee also Xia Yan, 7, 144–148, 158, 179, 241, 245

ritual legitimacy, 179–180, 232–233, 243–245

ritual, 46, 105–106, 111, 113, 120, 137, 144–145, 161, 200, 234, 239

ancestralSee also ancestral halls, 115, 126, 132–133, 151, 153, 245

family, 15

offerings, 143

propriety, 2

regulations/ritual codes, 2, 146–147, 300n31

sacrificial, 4, 46, 144, 149, 151–153, 157, 164, 169, 224, 305n28

vessels, 223

Ruan ESee also Tongxiang County, 87–88, 104, 106

Sakuma Shigeo, 11

salt, 32, 36, 45, 101, 211, 219–220, 233, 289n40

fields, 44, 53–54, 58, 119, 208, 210, 212

marshes, 41, 43

monopoly, 102–103, 215, 233

production, 44–46, 118, 190, 215, 219–220

smugglers, 17, 96, 99

salt (continued )

tax, 45, 49, 102, 118, 129, 187, 196, 210–212, 214, 218, 220, 232–233

trade, 58

saltern households, 13, 44–45, 72, 121, 128–129, 135–137, 182, 187, 210–211, 214–215, 232–233, 313n78

saltwater floods, 30

seawall (haitang)See also haitang fu, 27, 31, 38–44, 53

Shandong provinceSee also Qingzhou prefecture; Yidu County, 9, 16, 24, 62, 76, 80, 123–124, 268n35, 302n59

Shanghai, 21, 73, 195

Shanghai Municipal Library, 4, 239, 264n5–6

ShangqiuSee also Jia of Haining, 12, 270n45

Shangyu County, 120, 194

Shaoxing prefectureSee also Eastern Zhejiang (Zhedong), 22, 30, 57, 80, 99, 194, 263n4, 275n2

shibosi (maritime trade supervisorate)See also Guangdong; Hangzhou; maritime trade prohibition (haijin); Ningbo; tribute missions, 28, 63–64, 68, 288n33

Shiji, 23

Shuangyu, 68, 90

silkSee also cash crop cultivation; chuantang; commodities, 21, 28, 30–33, 35, 45–46, 52, 58, 149, 192, 219, 260n27

silver, 9, 14–15, 35, 43, 50, 57, 74, 97, 103–104, 116, 126, 133–134, 160, 163, 169, 176, 181, 210, 210