taxation (continued )

collectors and collectionSee also liangzhang, 14, 20, 46, 182, 187, 205, 213–214, 229, 254, 256

corvéeSee also lijia, 9, 13–14, 43, 46, 50–51, 74, 103, 173, 176–177, 182, 210–211, 213, 218, 227–228, 270n47, 282n118, 310n39

estates, 181–182, 220–223, 227–228

figures, 49

guiji, 50–51

households, 121–122

lineage, 177–179

offices and establishmentsSeealso hebosuo, 45, 52

quotas, 44, 48–49, 205–206, 215

system, 232–233

taxpayers, 105, 117, 155

units of, 47–48

taxes, 13–14, 19, 37, 46, 49, 51, 58, 74, 100–104, 121–122, 128–129, 150–151, 173–174, 178, 182, 188, 191, 206, 209–212, 215, 218, 220, 223, 227–228, 232–233, 240, 270n47, 282n118, 290n50

commutation ofSee also Single Whip; silver, 50

deficits, 48, 190

evasion ofSee also taxation, 49–51, 135, 173, 177, 196, 215

exemptions of, 128, 173, 176–177

immunity, 122

remission of, 31

Teng ZhenSee also Banhai Zhang, 120, 300n32

TianzhouSee also aboriginal fighters; langbing (wolf soldiers); Madam Wa, 82, 293n18

TonganSee also Fujian province, 70

TongchengSee also Huizhou, 220

Tongxiang County, 32, 87–88

trade. See maritime trade

Tumu Incident, 14, 74, 271n50

Wan Biao, 69, 72, 90–91, 98, 288n36

Wang HuSee also Xu of Lingquan, 193–194

Wang Shixing, 29, 58, 72

Wang Yu, 76

Wang ZhiSee also anti-wokou campaign; Huizhou prefecture, Hu Zongxian; wokou, 19, 60, 70, 76, 78–79, 81, 85, 87, 90–93, 243, 294n30, 294n35, 296n64

Wenzhou prefectureSee also Eastern Zhejiang (Zhedong), 30, 71–72, 81, 99, 304n1

West LakeSee also Hangzhou, 22, 41, 81, 159, 171

Western Zhejiang (Zhexi)See also Jiangnan, Zhejiang province, 19, 25, 29, 30–36, 39, 52, 56, 58, 70, 73, 76, 82, 90, 93, 95, 100, 102–103, 106, 109, 114, 148, 156, 168, 180, 204, 233, 240, 245, 276n35, 284n2–3, 303n66

Wobian shilueSee also Cai Jiude, 56, 60, 79, 84, 87, 94–95, 100, 110, 284n2, 284n142, 285n3, 293n16

wokou, 3, 7, 9–12, 15–20, 38, 43, 55–56, 58, 60–63, 65–67, 69–82, 84–105, 107, 109–111, 115–117, 122, 128–129, 136–138, 143–144