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| CHTB | Chouhai tubian ( )
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| CQ | China Quarterly |
| CSWT | Ch’ing-shih wen-t’i |
| DMB | Dictionary of Ming Biography |
| HCSL | Haichang shenglan ( )
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| HCWZ | Haichang waizhi ( )
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| HCZS (1932) | Haichang Zhushi zongpu xu, 1936 compilation (  )
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| HCZS (1881) | Haichang Zhushi zongpu, 1881 compilation (  )
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| HGXS | Hugong xingshi ( )
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| HJAS | Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies |
| HNXZ (1557) | Hainingxian zhi,1557 edition ( )
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| HNXZ (1675) | Hainingxian zhi, 1675 edition ( )
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| HNXZ (1765) | Hainingxian zhi, 1765 edition ( )
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| HNZZG | Hainingzhou zhigao ( )
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| HTL | Haitang lu ( )
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| HYZSZP | Huayuan Zhushi zongpu ( )
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| JAS | Journal of Asian Studies |
| JSJC | Jiashi jiacheng ( )
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| LIC | Late Imperial China |
| LQXS | Lingquan Xushi chongzuan jiapu (  )
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| LSYJ | Lishi yanjiu ( )
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| LSZS | Longshan Zhashi zupu ( )
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| LZHF | Liangzhe haifang leikao xubian (  )
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| MC | Modern China |
| MDYJTX | Mingdai yanjiu tongxun ( )
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| MQLC | Ming Qing luncong ( )
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| MS | Mingshi ( )
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| PCSWJ | Puchuan suowenji ( )
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| SCMY | Songchuang mengyu ( )
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