Translation Zones in Modern China: Authoritarian Command Versus Gift Exchange
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of and participants in the “Translation and Authority” exploratory workshop at the University of British Columbia in March, sponsored by the Peter Wall Institute. I was especially grateful to Susanna Braund and Siobhhan McElduff for providing a framework for transforming a rambling narrative into a more coherent analysis, and to C. D. Alison Bailey for her always incisive comments. At the symposium “The Translation of Chinese Literature and Culture” at the University of Texas at Dallas in April, jointly sponsored by the Center for Translation Studies and the Confucius Institute, comments from the organizers and participants, including Dennis Kratz and Rainer Schulte, opened up illuminating new insights. It was unusually generous of Paola Ioventi in April not only to arrange a presentation at the University of Chicago Workshop on Arts and Politics in East Asia on state-sponsored translation but also to spend time with me afterwards evaluating the responses; those by Max Bohnenkamp and Jacob Eyferth were especially helpful.

From July 2009, I have Nicholas Jose and Ivor Indyk at the University of West Sydney and Wang Yiyan and Zheng Yi at the University of Sydney to thank for providing me with further opportunities to sharpen these arguments, as well as other members of the staff who kindly attended the two seminars—in particular, Jon Eugene von Kowallis, another colleague from 1980s Beijing.

I am especially grateful to my friends and colleagues in New Zealand for arranging the opportunity for my most sustained reflection yet on these two models during July and August 2009. At the University of Otago, where I spent four weeks as the William Evans Visiting Fellow in the Department of Languages and Cultures, I wish to thank in particular Paola Voci, Jacob Edmonds, Li Jiefen, Zhao Xiaohuan, and Erika Wolf. Thanks also to Anne-Marie Brady at the University of Canterbury and to Paul Clark and Hilary Chung, among others, at the University of Auckland, where I spent three weeks as Distinguished Visiting Professor. At many stages between 2006 and 2010, I also enjoyed very much appreciated help and advice from Mark Gamsa, Audrey J. Heijns, and Chen Maiping.

When it came to publication, Ann Huss at the Chinese University of Hong Kong was immensely helpful; Toni Tan and her staff