interest groups, 40–43, 86–87, 156, 166–167, 175, 177, 222, 228, 252, 289, 293

issue advocacy

defined in Buckley v. Valeo, 251–252

difference with electioneering, 251–252

issue ads, 230–231, 250–252

public perception of, 252

redefining, 256, 267–268

Iyengar, Shanto, 308

Jackson, Brooks, 32, 217, 315

Jamieson, Kathleen Hall, 32, 120, 148–149, 315

journalism

of assertion, 123

fellowship/internship program, 149–150

importance, 116, 146

principles of, 147–148

quality, 122–125, 127

reading and supporting quality, 311–312, 321

strengthening, 147–150, 319, 328–329

television’s effect on, 310

journalists, 38, 103–104, 116, 133, 145–146, 147–150, 152, 217, 310, 314–315, 319

judicial elections

eliminating, 172–173

financing, 173, 259

problems, 172–173

turnout, 172

Kerry, John, 32–33, 64, 66–67, 79, 105, 132, 135, 145, 185, 249, 253

Levin Amendment (to the BCRA), 231–232

MajoritarianismMajoritarianism, 40–43, 40–43

Malbin, Michael J., 227

McCain-Feingold. SeeBipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA)

McCain, John, 32, 49, 68–69, 79–80, 83, 105, 133, 139, 142, 145, 191, 215, 234–235, 249, 254–255, 262

media

attention, 49–50, 181

bias claims, 37–39, 104, 128–129, 131, 133, 313

as contributor to the poor health of elections, 46, 77, 84–86, 93, 102–104, 112, 116–124, 216, 288–289, 322

convention coverage, 135–137

election coverage, 2, 13, 32, 34, 88, 104, 118–124, 172, 300, 307–309, 312, 323–324–325

entertainment, 106–109, 288, 304

importance of, 116, 193

learning from, 102–103, 135, 137–138, 143–144

political parties, 196–197

post debate coverage, 145–146

profit-driven, 102–104, 109, 112, 118, 124–125, 149, 323, 327–329

public cynicism, 3, 37

public service requirement, 134–144

public use ofSee alsojournalism and public broadcasting, 106–109, 311–312

Morning Edition, 121, 127–128

multimember districts, 203, 276