campaign finance (continued)

disclosure, 6, 112, 232, 255, 325, 327

incumbents advantage, 59–64, 225, 230, 230, 230, 244–245, 252–253, 258, 277

independent spending, 96, 226–227, 267–268

public opinion on, 246

redistributing, 225–226, 230, 237, 249

small contributions/contributors, 72, 230, 253, 258–260, 266, 320

sources of, 71–77. See alsopublic funding

spending limits, 96, 226, 243, 249, 255, 258–259, 261–264, 266, 320

Campaign Finance Institute, 227, 253, 266

Cappella, Joseph, 120

Carville, James, 216

citizen journalists, 149, 361n327

Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission, 2, 82, 95, 258, 267, 349n186

civics education

failures of, 292

Kids Voting USA, 292, 297

Clinton, Hillary, 18, 68, 78, 80, 189, 191–192, 340n87

Clinton, Williamtable 6.1, 64, 79–80, 109, 125, 138, 198, 198, 216, 295, 299, 305

Colbert Report, The, 118, 217, 312

Colbert, Stephen, 3, 39, 336n42

Committee of Concerned Journalists (CCJ), 147–150

competition, electoral

and control of Congress, 55–56, 230

effect of redistricting on, 97–98

enhancing, 219, 223–226, 229, 237, 249, 256, 258, 267–279, 324, 329, 332

importance of, 48, 59, 242–243, 282

in judicial elections, 172

in presidential contests, 54, 64

in primary contests, 58

in state legislative contests, 58, 272

in U.S. House contests, 55–58, 272

in U.S. Senate contests, 55–58

Constitution of the United States

elections, 51, 155, 183–184, 306, 327

democracy, 42, 155

contested elections, 54–55, 58, 98, 172, 180–181, 236, 272, 277

Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB)

funding, 127, 131

governance, 127–128, 132

PBS, 127–128. See also public broadcasting and National Public Radio

Cox, Adam, 279

Daily Show, The, 86, 109, 116–118, 198, 217, 312

Dean, Howard, 49, 228, 249

Delay, Tom, 252, 279

democracy index, 282, 321, 331

Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee (DCCC), 70