President’s Commission for Assistance to a Free Cuba, 86

Puebla-Panama Plan, 83

Punto Fijo system, 108

Quezada, Vicente Fox, 78

Reagan, Ronald, 23–24, 41, 88

Reich, Otto, 40

Restrepo, Dan, 40, 52

Rice, Condoleezza, 41

Rice, Susan, 40

Rio Group, 2–3, 10, 26, 33, 83, 85, 92, 96, 169

Rumsfeld, Donald, 41

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, 25, 81

Salinas de Gotari, Carlos, 27

Sanctions, 8, 28, 60, 151, 157

Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN), 9, 24–25, 31

São Paulo Forum, 48, 83

Seaga, Edward, 24

Senate Foreign Relations Committee (U.S.), 87

Shannon, Thomas, 50, 58

smart power, 64, 90, 94

Social Christian Party (COPEI), 108

social movements, 16, 27, 29–30, 75, 81–82, 96, 110

soft power, 64, 90, 120, 122

Southern Common Market, 123

Spain, 26, 80, 85, 92, 113–114

Spanish–American War, 89

State Department (U.S.), 18, 58, 62, 64, 76, 87, 94–95, 132

State Department’s State Sponsors of Terrorism List, 58

sucre, 118, 140

Summit of Latin America and the Caribbean on Integration and Development, 92

Summit of the Americas, 6, 31, 49, 58–59, 74, 81, 91–93, 127, 133, 150, 164

Telesur, 3, 81

terrorism, 53, 58, 77, 96, 155–156

Thatcher, Margaret, 23

Third World, 22–23, 96, 105, 144, 181

Torrijos, Omar, 21, 23

U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, 16, 104–105, 116

U.S. Interests Section (Cuba), 152

Union of South American Nations (UNASUR), 83, 92, 128, 130–131, 146, 170

United Nations, 8, 18, 20, 40, 79–80, 84, 87, 97, 115, 122

United Nicaraguan Opposition (UNO), 25

USAID’s Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance, 64

USNORTHCOM, 82

Valenzuela, Arturo, 58, 152, 164–165

Vazquez, Tabaré, 31, 50, 126

Venezuela, 3–6, 10, 24, 27, 29, 31–34, 37, 43, 47–49, 51, 55–56, 58, 61–64, 67–69, 71, 78–79, 81–83, 85, 92, 95–97, 101, 103–117, 119–127, 129–151, 164, 170, 177–180