Li Te, 27

Li Shitai, 50–51, 91, 289n13

Li Yan, 232–237, 275n9, 327n148, 327n154, 328n159, 328n162

Liu Bei, 26, 79, 114, 187

Liu Zhijun, 131–133, 213–214, 216, 296n68

Lizhou, 53–55, 57, 74, 150, 234, 238–239, 283n65

Longwu Army, 224, 238

Lu Yanhong, 50–51

Luo Valley Road, 31–32, 39

Luoyang, 39, 43, 49, 74, 102–103, 106, 112, 126, 138, 231, 234–235, 237–238, 241, 244, 328n159, 329n179

Lutou Pass, 57, 82, 240

Luyi ji, 164–165, 289n13

Mao Wenxi, 203–204, 212–213, 310n28

militias, 81, 84–85, 125, 291n28, 291n29, 291n32, 302n66

Mandate of Heaven, 2, 11–12, 20, 74, 86, 98, 101–102, 105, 122, 158, 171, 229, 231, 237, 245, 247–248

Meng Chang, 248

Meng Zhixiang, 243–244, 248, 319n166

Mingzong (Li Siyuan), 13, 244, 310n26, 319n166, 320n176

mochi, 104–105, 107

Nanzhao, 34–37, 83–84, 140–144, 277n62, 290n16, 307n128, 307n139

North China, 2, 5, 7–9, 12, 23–24, 26–27, 36, 39, 74–75, 77, 80

North China (continued), 82–83, 99–102, 108, 111–112, 115, 123, 136, 142, 146, 196, 201, 225, 228–229, 231, 236, 244–245, 247–248, 267n4, 272n41, 274n5, 274n6, 276n48, 289n10, 310n26

Orthodox successorSee also da yitong, 13

Ouyang Bin, 235, 237, 328n159

Ouyang Xiu, 1, 3, 6, 9, 20, 150, 177, 180, 268n9, 270n18, 271n30, 272n40, 292n36, 298n16, 305n93

Pan Qiao, 204, 211

Pengzhou, 58, 65–66, 68–70, 72, 87, 90, 94, 111, 209, 295n58

power balance. See balance of power

pragmatic, 5, 9, 11, 13–15, 19, 100, 119, 129, 135, 140, 172, 185, 230, 248, 272n41, 295n54, 319n166

Princess Jinci, 129, 131–133, 206

Qi, 9–10, 12, 81, 84, 95, 100–101, 103, 108–115, 123–134, 140, 146, 153, 165–166, 196, 212–214, 223, 228, 231–232, 234, 236, 238, 245, 270n15, 271n30, 271n31, 291n23, 296n68, 299n28, 300n40, 302n63, 302n70

Qian Liu, 13, 122, 169, 289n10, 314n88

Qinling, 24, 31–32, 52, 54, 66

Qin-Long, 133, 196, 248

Qinzhou, 129, 132–133, 238, 291n23, 293n41, 296n68, 302n66

Qin Zongquan, 49–51, 135

Qinqi jun (Elite Dragoon), 82