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Notes
1. From the 1960s probably up through the current day, innumerable English-language speakers have read Lu Xun’s stories through the translations of Yang Xianyi and Gladys Yang and thus know the collections by these names. In recent decades, additional complete translations have appeared, such as those of William Lyell, Jr. and Julia Lovell, and scholars have provided variations or better translations for individual stories. I have retained the titles of Yang Xianyi and Gladys Yang because they are widely familiar. I do not discuss a third collection, Gushi xin bian 故事新编 (Old Tales Retold) because these stories, reconceptions of earlier myths and tales, constitute a genre different from the modern short story.