Chapter 2: | Metalworking in Bronze Age China |
be said that so far there is no direct evidence of its use at this site. Robert Murowchick, personal communication, August 2018.
96. With four intertwined phoenix-like birds and four dragon-like beasts, this table base was unearthed from the Hebei Pingshan Sanji Gongshe M1, a tomb of Cuo, king of the state Zhongshan, who died soon after 310 BCE. See So, Eastern Zhou Ritual Bronzes from the Arthur M. Sackler Collections, 60–61.
97. Hua, Zhongguo Gudai Jinshu Jishu, 200; Su, “Zhanguo Zhongshan Wang Cuo Mu Qingtong Qiqun Zhuzao Gongyi Yanjiu,” 232–233, 262.
98. The earliest known cast inlay process was long thought to have come from Henan Xichuan Xiasi M2, a tomb dated to the second quarter of the sixth century BCE. See So, Eastern Zhou Ritual Bronzes from the Arthur M. Sackler Collections, 34. A recent discovery at Shandong Zaozhuang Xulou presents an even earlier example confirming the existence of precast inlays no later than the first quarter of the sixth century BCE. For details, see Zaozhuang et al., “Shandong Zaozhuang Xulou Dongzhou Mu Fajue Jianbao,” 26–27; Hu et al., “Zaozhuang Shi Xulou Cun Hongtong Zhuxiang Qingtongqi Wenshi Xiangzhu Tezheng”; and Su and Wang, “Zaozhuang Xulou Chutu Zhuxiang Hongtong Qingtongqi Tanlun.”
99. For instance, many of these techniques, including forging, repoussé, chasing, and granulation, are best evidenced in the tomb at Gansu Majiayuan in northwestern China during the late phase of the Warring States Period (475–221 BCE). See Huang et al., “Zhangjiachuan Majiayuan Mudi Chutu Jin Guanshi de Yanjiu”; Huang et al., “Majiayuan Mudi Jinzhipin de Chengfen yu Zhizuo Jishu Chubu Yanjiu”; and Mei et al., “Archaeometallurgical Studies in China,” 227–28. A recent discovery from Hubei Zaoyang Caomenwan, dated to the early phase of the Spring and Autumn period (770–476 BCE), reveals the uses of repoussé, punching, and gilding in China centuries earlier. For details, see Su, “Hubei Zaoyang Caomenwan Zengguo Mudi Yihao Mu Chutu Jinshuqi Keji Jiazhi.”