Abe Hirotada, 158, 185–186

Abe Yoshio, xliv, 12, 34

aesthetics, xxii, xlviii, 133–134, 174, 178

See also art

Aizawa Yasushi, 272

Akiyama Gi, 277

Analects, xxx, xlix, 38, 84, 183, 205, 207, 267, 269, 272, 288–289, 313, 331

ancient-style prose, 150, 201, 214, 269–270, 272, 275–276, 289

Annam, xxiv, 276, 289

See also Vietnam

anthologies, xxvi, 192, 195–198, 201, 203, 217, 277, 288, 300

Arai Kimiyoshi, 272

art, xxii, xl, xlvi, 16, 23, 44–46, 49, 52–53, 62, 68, 74–76, 78–80, 168, 212, 329, 333

See also brushwork, calligraphy, crafts, painting

Asai Ryōi, 168–169, 187

Ashoka, 46

astronomy, 19, 31, 320

Ấu học ngũ ngôn thi, xxxvi, 114–117, 119–120, 122–124, 128, 130, 132–145

Ayabe Michihiro, 178

Bai Juyi, 266, 278, 284, 291

Bai script, 230, 249

Baisen, 266

bakufu, xliii, 95, 103, 154, 165, 262, 275

Ban Gu, 151, 182–183

Ban Zhao, 32, 155, 178, 196

Banseidō shū, 279

barbarians, xxx, l, 32–33, 228, 230, 246, 248, 275

See also foreigners

Bencao gangmu, 316, 329, 331

Bian Ren, 61

Biographies of Exemplary Women, 105, 149, 151–158, 166–172, 180, 182–189, 208

bodhisattvas, 53, 57, 64, 69, 79, 280

Bohai, xxxiii

Book of Changes. See Classic of Changes

Book of History. See Classic of History

Book of Poetry. See Classic of Poetry

Book Route, xxv, xliv, 4

book-burning, xxx–xxxi, xlix, 25

botany, xxxix, 294, 308, 312, 314, 330–332

See also flowers

brush conversations, xxii, 4, 35, 265, 267, 287

brushwork, 32, 48, 75, 78, 163, 264, 266, 280–281, 290, 295, 297, 320, 324

Buddhism, xxviii, xxxiii, xxxv, xl, xlviii, l, 6, 8, 10, 14, 19, 23, 26, 43–44, 46–49, 53, 58, 61–65, 68–69, 73–80, 97, 165–166, 273, 280–281, 283, 307, 351