|
|
6. See Hyung-taek Lim, “Sinocentrism in East Asia and the Task of Overcoming It,” Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies 8, no. 1 (2008): 71–87, esp. 25 ff.
7. For a convenient overview, see Chun-chieh Huang, “Some Observations on the Study of the History of Cultural Interactions in East Asia,” Journal of Cultural Interaction in East Asia 1 (2010): 11–35, esp. 18–23. For detailed citations, see notes 14–23 to this introduction.
8. Terms such as “transnationalism” and “globalization” have increasingly been employed by scholars of the past, as well as the present, even though the processes described may have occurred well before the rise of “modern” nation-states. For a convenient review of the literature on the modern nation-state, see Andreas Wimmer and Yuval Feinstein, “The Rise of the Nation-State across the World, 1816 to 2001,” American Sociological Review 75, no. 5 (2010): 764–790.
9. See the summary in part 2 of Richard J. Smith, “The Transnational Travels of Geomancy in Premodern East Asia, c. 1600–c. 1900” (forthcoming in two parts), in Transnational Asia, the online journal of the Chao Center for Asian Studies at Rice, https://transnationalasia.rice.edu.
10. For a convenient overview in English, see Charles Holcombe, The Genesis of East Asia, 221 B.C.–A.D. 907 (Honolulu: Association for Asian Studies and University of Hawai’i Press, 2001); see also Joshua A. Fogel, “The Sinic World,” in Asia in Western and World History, ed. Ainslee Thomas Embree and Carol Gluck (Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe, 1997). In Japanese, see Murai Shōsuke 村井章介, Higashi Ajia no naka no Nihon bunka 東アジアのなかの日本文化 (Japanese culture in East Asia) (Tokyo: Hōsō daigaku kyōiku shinkōkai, 2005).
11. A vast and somewhat contentious literature has developed around the concept of a Chinese tributary system. For summaries, see Guang Ma, “Tributary Ceremony and National Security: A Reassessment of Wokou Diplomacy between China and Japan during the Early Ming Dynasty,” Journal of Asian History 51, no. 1 (2017): 27–54; Richard J. Smith, “Mapping China and the Question of a China-Centered Tributary System 中国の文化地図作成と朝貢制度の問題,” The Asia Pacific Journal 1, no. 3 (January 2013): n. p., http://apjjf.org/2013/11/3/Richard-J.-Smith/3888/article.html; and Richard J. Smith, The Qing Dynasty and Traditional Chinese Culture (Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield, 2015), 217–219. Cf. Takeshi Hamashita, China, East Asia and the Global Economy: Regional and Historical Perspectives (London and New York: Routledge, 2008); Kathlene Baldanza, Ming China and Vietnam: Negotiating Borders in Early