, 71, 75, 88, 94, 101, 110, 135, 138–140, 144, 147, 152, 160, 163–164, 166, 170–171, 174–176, 179, 183–184, 186, 188–190, 196, 201–202, 206–207, 209–210, 217, 219, 228, 279

Kanegasaki Creamery, 19, 136–137, 148, 150, 154, 159, 173, 235, 237

population, 48

Kawano, Satsuki, 40, 219

Kelly, William W., 12, 25, 39, 42, 169–170, 194–195, 279

Kentucky Fried Chicken, 12

Kenyu (Kosho-ji temple), 220, 222, 228–229

hair, 219, 221, 223–224

Kesenuma, 31

kinship, 39, 61, 131, 142, 178–179, 187, 229

Kirkwood, Jodyanne Jane, 122, 132

Kitakami, 2, 32, 84–85, 101, 183, 219

Kitakami Mountains, 51

Kitakami River, 159–160

Kitakami Times, 55

Klien, Susanne, 35, 43, 50, 71

kokusaika, 59

kōminkan. See under community center

Kosho-ji. See under temple

Kühn, Manfred, 22, 41

kura, 77, 96

Kuroda, Tashio, 13, 39

Kurusu. See under Smith, Robert J.

Labov, William, 152, 156

Law 214, 163

Life Long Learning Centers, 166

lineage, 142–144, 229

loan, 83, 107, 145

Long Engagements. See under Plath, David

Long Island (New York), 30, 61

Long, Susan Orpett, 40, 218, 228

LTCI program, 107–108, 110–113, 124, 127

L-turn pattern. See under migration

MacArthur, Douglas, 163

machizukuri, 166, 189

manufacturing, 12, 17, 48, 184

manzoku, 91

marginalization, 23, 178

Mariko (Kanegasaki Creamery), 136–150, 152–156, 159, 184, 187, 190

Marketplace Chaplains, 60–61, 73

marriage, 61, 80–81, 83–84, 90–91, 98, 138–139, 176, 178, 279

Marumatsu, 2

Mathews, Gordon, 93, 99

Matin Brun. See under Pavloff, Franck

McClelland, David C., 120, 132

McDonald’s, 12, 25, 78

Meiji era, 163, 173, 180

Merton, Robert K., 172, 195

metropolitan, 12–13, 22, 25–26, 57, 232

micro-businesses, 17–21, 64

migration, 39, 43, 64, 67, 98, 280

in-migration, 89

L-turn pattern, 13

out-migration, 31, 35, 47, 49, 53, 61–62

reasons, 14

return-migration, 13, 45, 61, 80, 83, 94, 196

U-Turn pattern, 13, 80

mikoshi, 201

milk, 137, 139