, 142, 191, 216, 226–227, 232, 237–239

reconfigured notion of, 238

remnant rurality, 28

Russo-Japanese War, 168

rustic, 179

cosmopolitan, 3–4, 10, 22, 24, 27, 29–30, 58, 63, 148, 150, 153–154, 190–191, 231–232, 235, 237–239, 280

globalized rusticity, 150–154

imaginary, 29, 58, 63, 231–232

Japan’s imagined agrarian past, 58

meanings of, 153, 231

scenery, 58, 148

Sapporo, 175–176, 179, 184, 188, 196

Science Council of Japan (SCJ), 55

Scott, Douglas Walter, 152, 156

Sefuri, 51

self-employed, 5, 17–18

semi-mountainous regions, 62

7-Eleven, 25, 33

Shibuya Gals, 88

Shingyo-ji. See under temple

shinkansen. See bullet train

Shinohata: A Portrait of a Japanese Village. See under Dore, Ronald

Shinto, 167, 201, 205

Shiraito, 159–162, 164–175, 180, 182, 188–192

shishi odori. See under deer dance

shōgai kyōiku sentā. See Life Long Learning Centers

Shōnai, 169

shopping malls, 1, 12–13, 25, 75–78, 82, 84–85, 183

Showa era, 180

shrine, 148, 160, 167–168, 201, 203, 205

sign-vehicle. See under Peirce

Skype, 9, 13

small-and-medium enterprises (SMEs), 17–19

small business, 15–17, 26, 30–31, 47–48, 63–64, 83, 85, 98, 104, 106–107, 117, 127–128, 136, 142, 146, 155, 189

five stages of growth, 86

small-business owners, 5–7, 18–21, 33–35, 37, 87, 101, 132, 147, 237

Smith, Robert J., 32, 155

Kurusu, 24, 42

social network, 7, 25, 29, 89, 95, 184, 186, 188, 232

Social Non-Profit Service Foundation, 112

socio-spatial, 23, 27–28, 41

spaghetti, 182

spirit (supernatural), 205, 208–209

Stam, Erik, 40, 126, 132

Stangler, Dane, 125–126, 132

startup, 17, 19–21, 54, 83, 127, 132, 142

statue, 88, 167–168, 201, 215, 219–220

status, 18, 22, 87, 121, 160, 168, 177–178, 231

successor, 61, 115, 143–145, 161, 174–175, 186–187, 204–205, 214, 226

suiton, 181–183

Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers (SCAP), 163