| Chapter 2: | Background |
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Animal Foods and Edible Oil. In the past 50 years, annual consumption of animal foods more than tripled from a very low level of 11 kg per capita in 1952 to 38 kg per capita in 1992 (Figure 2.2). The amount and growth of animal food intake were positively associated with income levels. Meat and meat products were the main sources of animal foods. The proportion of fish as an animal food was 22% in urban residents and 16% in rural residents (1). Plant oil intake increased from 17.2 g to 40.4 g per capita per day for urban residents and from 14.0 g to 35.9 g for rural residents between 1989 and 1997. There was a positive association between income and plant oil intake (1).
The Composition of Energy. Total energy intake increased until 1985 and then decreased. The average energy intakes were 2270 kcal, 2440 kcal, and 2328 kcal in 1952, 1982, and 1992, respectively, for 20- to 45-year-old adults (1). CHNS data (1) showed that in 1997 energy intakes from fat were 32.8% in urban and 25.4% in rural areas. And over 60% of urban residents consumed more than
Figure 2.2 Consumption of Animal Foods (data from State Statistical Bureau, China Statistical Yearbook, 1952–2000), Meat, Poultry, Fish; – –,Egg;, Animal (1)
