Ambassador to PRC (Thai)

Kasemsamosorn Kasemsri, 88

Don Pramudwinai, 191

Ambassador to Thailand (Chinese)

Chai Jer Min, 88

Li Shi Chun, 191, 193n3

Fu Xue Zhang, 191, 193n4

assimilation (definition), 4–5

immigrant, 4–5

Thai policies, 6, 8, 28–29, 35, 55, 85, 98, 106, 110–111, 115, 120n30, 127–128, 130–131, 133, 135–136, 149, 151, 166, 173, 188–189, 191

forced, 11, 111, 120n30, 125, 132–133, 136–137, 143, 181, 188

proactive, 9, 184

natural, 111, 124–126, 133, 136, 151

Bandung Conference and Agreement, 17n4, 81–84, 95n50

Bhumibol, 88

bilingualism, 10, 11, 29, 32, 138, 174

Bowring Treaty, 49–50, 53, 62n42

Buddhism, 15, 28, 124–128, 130–131, 158, 183–184, 188–189

Hinayana, 9

Mahayana, 9, 125, 127, 130, 158, 181–183, 188

Theravada, 125, 127, 130, 158, 181–184, 188

Bunle, Henri, 4–5

Burma, 27, 46–47, 71, 83–84

Cambodia, 17, 72, 75, 89

Chan and Tong, 9–16, 118, 127, 132, 137–139, 141, 157–158, 162–165, 167, 170–171, 173, 178–181, 183–184, 188–189, 195

Chinese (in China, definition), 4

associations, 10, 93n21, 137, 158, 175–181, 183–184, 189

Civil War, 105–106

dialects, 10, 22, 29, 30–31, 57, 116, 138, 162, 172, 176–178, 189

Cantonese, 30–33, 49

Hainanese or Hailam, 30–33

Hakka, 30–33

Hokkien or Fujian, 30–33

Teochiu, 30–33, 48, 134, 142, 175

diaspora, xvii, 132, 177, 187

dynasties

Ming, 44

Qing, 25, 56, 144

emperors

Chien Long, 25, 42, 46–48

Nguan Si Joa, 26, 42–44

Puyi, 25, 56

gangs (gansters), 50, 62n45, 73, 75, 176

literacy, 26, 104, 147, 158, 169, 172–175, 183, 189, 191

monarchy, 83, 144