labor, 144, 165, 194, 240

agricultural, 64–65

and California development, 87

exclusion clause, 88

farmer-labor parties, 207

Japanese immigration to the U.S., xxviii, 45, 47–48, 52–55, 67, 76, 85–88, 97

Polish, 66

unions, 48, 167, 292–295

Labor Union Law, 293

Ladd, George Trumbull (1842–1921), 66

Ladybird (British gunboat), 233

Lampson, Sir Miles, 164

land ownership, 97

language, 26, 29–31, 95–96, 98, 169, 180, 300–301

learning, 277, 286

in writingAlso see newspapers, 215, 252

Laos, xi, xlv, 266

Laredo, Texas, 62

Latin America, xxiii, xlvii, xlviii, 127, 142

Lattimore, Owen, 249

Lau Sang, 253

Lea, Homer, 86

League of Nations, 111, 195, 200, 208–211, 231, 244, 264

Lee, Bradford, xlix

LeFeber, Walter, xlix

Lemieux, Rodolphe, 56–59

Lensen, George, lii, 117

Li Ta-chao, xxxi, 167, 169, 171, 173

Liaotung leasehold, 16, 31

Liaotung, China, 16, 31, 140, 182

liberalism, 195, 200

Liberty Magazine, 246

Lili’uokalani, Queen, 4

literacy, 277, 300

Lodge, Henry Cabot, 87, 144, 146

London Conference of November 1929–April 1930, 147, 195

London, England, 66, 77, 110, 165, 202

communication with Canada, 57–58

on China, 158

on the Hawaiian annexation issue, xl, 5

Japanese negotiations with, 102–103

loans from, 72

on open doorism, 21, 23, 37

Foreign Office representative, xxvii, 35

Japanese minister in, 28

Los Angeles Times, 47

Lou Tseng-tsiang (Foreign Minister, a.k.a. Lu Zhengxiang), 109

Lungkow, China, 103

Lytton Commissions (reports), 1, 245

MacArthur, General Douglas (1880–1964), 280, 297

MacDonald, Sir Claude (British Ambassador), xli, 44, 52, 56, 66, 80, 83

and open doorism, 18, 30–31

MacMurray, John J. B., 108

MacMurray, John Van Antwerp, 161, 167

Madagascar, 266

Maddox, Robert James, 117

Magdelena Bay case of 1912, 87

Maida Minoru, 100

Mainichi (Osaka newspaper), 249

Makino Nobuaki (Foreign Minister), 97