About Author

Robert F. Vodde serves as Director of the School of Criminal Justice and Legal Studies at Fairleigh Dickinson University. He holds a PhD from the University of Leicester, an MA from John Jay College of Criminal Justice, an MPA from Fairleigh Dickinson University, and a BS from William Paterson University. Before entering academia, Dr. Vodde enjoyed a 25-year career in law enforcement where during his last 10 years of service, he served as Chief of Police. A graduate of the FBI National Academy, Dr. Vodde continues to instruct, consult, and study police academies.