50 Cent, 72–73, 79, 111

Abowitz, Kathleen, 24

Aidi, Hisham, 172–173

artist, 3, 6–7, 9, 16, 19–21, 24–27, 30–32, 55, 57, 63–65, 68–69, 71–72, 74, 76, 78–79, 83–87, 90–93, 97–99, 102, 107, 114–115, 117–122, 124, 126, 128–130, 134, 138–139, 142–144, 146, 148, 150–152, 154, 157–159, 162, 166–168, 171–175, 177

Artz, Lee, 37, 39

Bambaataa, Afrika, 52, 113, 122, 148

bards, 20, 30, 35, 111, 113–135, 152, 156, 161, 163–164, 172

bardic function, 17, 36, 57, 143

Baucom, Ian, 13

Beenie Man, 150–151

beliefs, 13, 17, 26, 28, 44, 48, 91–92, 111, 116, 123–124, 127

Bhangra music, 148, 174

Big Rube, 128

black feminism, 90, 95, 100–101, 119, 129

bling bling, 55, 83, 113, 115, 118, 126, 129, 142, 150, 152

Bone Thugs-N-Harmony, 71

Bonilla-Silva, Eduardo, 40–41, 48–49, 54

Brandy, 103–104, 110

Broder, David, 154

Brow, James, 16–17, 29

Buju Banton, 150

Bynoe, Yvonne, 21, 69, 84, 87, 114, 139, 157, 159–160, 162, 166

capitalism, 4, 7, 19, 21, 24, 33–34, 38, 43, 53–57, 63, 85–86, 96, 99, 101, 104, 108, 114–115, 123, 129, 138, 140–144, 151–152, 157–158, 163, 166, 176

capitalist market. See globalization

Cee-Lo, 124–125, 128

Chang, Jeff, 10–11, 15, 34, 38, 52, 115, 133, 159–160, 176–177

chickenheads, 8, 77, 90

class, 11, 14, 18–19, 25, 38–39, 42–44, 47, 50, 54–55, 58–60, 70, 90, 103, 143, 152–153, 159, 168–171

Collins, Patricia Hill, 47, 70, 77, 88–90, 93, 95