| Chapter : | Brief Introduction to the Herati Dialect |
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Pronominal enclitics are:
| Person | Singular | Plural |
| first | -em (rarely -əm, -am) | -emun, (rarely -emân) |
| second | -et | -etun |
| third | -i, -ệ, -ê, -ĭ, -ŭ, -ŏ, -ιŭ, -eŭ, -ιŏ, -eŏ | -inâ, -ino*, -ênâ |
*See Phonology no. 8.
Pronominal enclitics are used in the attributive, possessive, and objective functions (i.e., enclitics used as direct and indirect objects): čârtaraf-ιŭ bə ιstoġun-e fil terašundε šε-“[lit.] it [water pool] should be decorated with ivory on [all] its four sides,” borâr-et-“your brother,” bas-emân-ε-“[it is] enough for us.” Attached to prepositions, the enclitics are used as indirect objects: pošt-inâ-“after them.” Having completed their transformation into pronominal enclitics, the third-person forms are used in all grammatical cases attested for the corresponding enclitics in modern Persian and Afghan Persian with its dialects. They can be joined to a noun with a personal or demonstrative pronoun (from which they originated) without leading to redundancy or duplication: u xod-i, cf. LK ô xod-aš-“he himself”; u falaki-ŭ, cf. LK ân falaka-yaš-“that square of it [district].” They are used in the possessive (genitive) construction (alternative for the ezâfe) in which the third-person pronominal enclitic attached to the