|
|
Transcription Conventions
Each line of transcription contains a single intonation unit.
| . | Period shows falling tone in the preceding element. |
| ? | Question mark shows rising tone in the preceding element. |
| , | Comma indicates a continuing intonation, drawing out thepreceding element. |
| @ | An “at” symbol shows laughter |
| Stress | Italics or caps show heavy stress |
| wh- what | A single dash indicates a cutoff with a glottal stop |
| “Sir” | Double quotes mark speech set off by a shift in the speaker’s voice |
| [and then] | Square brackets on successive lines mark overlapping talk |
| but= | Equals signs on successive lines shows latching between turns |
| (2.0) | Numbers in parentheses indicate timed pauses |
| <low pitch> | Carrot brackets enclose editorial comments |
| /?/ | Slashes enclosing a question mark refl ect untranscribable elements |