Asian American Identities:  Racial and Ethnic Identity Issues in the Twenty-First Century
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Chapter 4: Results

95

Summary of Results

95

Revised Ethnic-specific Identity

116

Testing for Measurement Invariance in the AR/EII

123

Research Question 2 Analyses: Sample by Generational Status

124

Research Question 2a: Invariance tests between First and Second Generations-Ethnic-specific Identity

132

Chapter 5: Discussion

139

Question 1

140

Question 2

147

Differences in Racial and Ethnic-specific Identity between the First/1.5 and Second Generations

148

Broader Implications for the Study of Racial and Ethnic-Specific Identity

155

Limitations of the Current Study

157

Strengths of the Current Study

158

Future Directions

159

Hierarchical Identity and Intersectionality

161

Next Steps in the Research

162

Conclusions

166

Appendices

169

Notes

191

References

193

Index

207

About the author

213